Preparation and characterization of PLGA loaded nanoparticles obtained from D. melanoxylon Roxb. leaves for their antiproliferative and antidiabetic activity

Abstract

Introduction: Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. is traditionally used medicinal plant. Previously, we confirmed the better antiproliferative and antidiabetic activity of ethyl acetate fractions (EAF) obtained from D. Melanoxylon. To assessment the hypothesis if nanoparticle-encapsulated fraction could progress bioactivity. Materials and Methods: We prepared nanoparticle encapsulation based on poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and confirmed encapsulation by scanning electron microscopy. Sub EAF (SEAF) and nanoparticles of sub ethyl acetate (NSEAF) were characterized for their antiproliferative and antidiabetic activity. Antiproliferative activity was performed using the methylene blue assay. Antidiabetic activity was performed on the basis of α-amylase and α-glucosidase assay. Results and Discussion: Comparatively, NSEAF showed better activity on different cancerous cell lines HCT116 (inhibitory concentration 50% [IC50] 32.89 ± 1.71 μg/ml), MCF-7 (IC50 36.13 ± 0.96 μg/ml) and PC-3 (IC50 32.39 ± 1.91 μg/ml), and antidiabetic activity on the basis of α-amylase (IC50 35.62 ± 2.56 μg/ml), and α- glucosidase (IC50 73.52 ± 1.13 μg/ml) action at a dose-dependent manner. It is also demonstrated that NSEAF exerted very low toxic effect against normal cell lines. Conclusion: For this reason, NSEAF studied in the present research may be considered as possible future drug candidates for the treatment and management of cancer and diabetes