The climatic factors, determining the biological diversity of the middle Caspian Sea and coastal ecosystems, the atmospheric-synoptic processes, commotions and currents

Abstract

Background and Objective: The main climatic factors and atmospheric-synoptic processes, determining the biological diversity of the middle Caspian Sea and coastal ecosystems, are outlined. The characteristic features of the wind pattern and the currents are described. The characteristics of commotions, allowing to determine the extreme values of wave elements, are provided. That is necessary for the development of oil and gas deposits on the shelf. Method: The features of climate formation, atmospheric-synoptic processes, commotions and currents of the Caspian Sea, are given according to the information, described in numerous scientific publications and reference books, and also according to the Dagestan Center for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. Results: The peculiarities of climate formation, atmospheric-synoptic processes, commotions and currents of the Caspian Sea, affecting the biological diversity of the middle Caspian and coastal ecosystems, are determined by the geographic position of the sea, the conditions of atmospheric circulation, the nature of the underlying surface, and the orography of the coasts. Conclusion: Assessment of the main climatic factors of atmospheric-synoptic processes, peculiarities of the wind regime, characteristics of currents, commotions, extreme values of wave elements, determining the biological diversity of the middle Caspian and coastal ecosystems, is necessary for the development of oil and gas deposits on the shelf