Particle size estimation and Elemental analysis of Yashada Bhasma

Abstract

Background: Analytical standardization may help to assure adoption of recommended pharmaceutical process, safety, quality, and ultimately, most probably efficacy of medicinal formulation, and thus, it is mandatory for the evaluation of incinerated metallic-mineral preparations, like Yashada Bhasma (incinerated Zinc), a widely used medicine in Ayurvedic therapeutics. The present attempt is to revalidate the pharmaceutical process of preparation of Yashada Bhasma using two different media. Materials and Methods: In this study, analytical standardization of two types of Yashada Bhasma, Vanaspati Jarita Marita Yashada Bhasma (JMY) and Parada marita Yashada Bhasma (PMY), were initially carried out by means of Bhasma pareeksha (classical methods for evaluating Bhasma). Afterward, this was evaluated by qualitative and quantitative analytical methods such as ash value, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICPAES), carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur (CHNS), thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Observation and Discussion: C lassical analytical test revealed that Bhasma prepared fulfilled all criteria. Modern analytical techniques like XRD identified the PMY and JMY as ZnO and ZnS, respectively. Both JMY and PMY samples were in nanorange as per DLS study. As per SEM study, JMY and PMY sample shows 70. 21% and 44.80% of Zn by weight. In inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer analysis, micronutrients such as Cu, Fe, Mg, P, Al, Pb, and Zn were present in ≤1% and Ti, Co, Mn, Ni, Cr, and Cd were detected in ppm level in both JMY and PMY samples. Conclusion: Parada M arita Yashada Bhasma was detected as ZnS and Vansapti Jarita marita Yashada Bhasma as ZnO. As they correspond to different compounds, it cannot be compared analytically and further clinical evaluation is necessary for the same.