Sasaladaan (Peperomia pellucida [L.] Kunth.) Extracts Improve Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture in Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporotic Rats

Abstract

Introduction: Several studies have been conducted to prove the potential of Sasaladaan (Peperomia pellucida [L.]
Kunth.) as an antiosteoporosis, but this still needs to be proven directly on bone tissue. Therefore, this study
aims to quantitatively measure the parameters of advanced microarchitecture on bone samples of test animals
and completed using an antioxidant activity assay to assess its mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Bone
tests were conducted using microcomputed tomography scans and the antioxidant test was conducted using
the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)
methods. Results: The ethanol extract of Sasaladaan gave marked improvement to bone microarchitecture in the
trabecular number, the structure model index, as well as the trabecular pattern factor parameters. In the antioxidant
assay, the ethanol extract showed strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 73.37 ± 4.32 ppm) when tested with DPPH
reagent and showed moderate activity (IC50 = 128.99 ± 11.93 ppm) using the ABTS method. Conclusion: The effect
of Sasaladaan on bone microarchitecture repair is demonstrated using the ethanol extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg
body weight of rat. The antioxidant activity that was present may support the substance’s antiosteoporotic activity.