Anti-ulcer potential of saponin fraction of Trichopus zeylanicus on a various experimental animal models

Abstract

Background: Trichopus zeylanicus Gaertn is a perennial herb, belongs to the family Trichopodaceae, is wild plant, a rare genus, small glabrous herb growing in the Agasthyar hilly forest of Kerala. The Kani tribes of this area call this plant as “Arogyapacha†or “Arokyapachilai†in Malayalam. Objective: The present study was investigated for anti-ulcer potential of Saponin fraction of the whole plant of T. zeylanicus on various experimental animal models. Materials and Methods: Acute toxicity study of saponin fraction of T. zeylanicus (SFTZ) was carried out on female albino rat up to 2000 mg/kg as per OECD guideline No.423. The experimental animal models, i.e., ethanol induced ulcer, restrained stress induced and pyloric ligation (PL) induced ulcers model were tested for anti-ulcer activity SFTZ at three various doses of (75,150 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.,) for 5 days to Wistar Albino rat. Esomeprazole (10 mg/kg, p.o.,) was used as a reference standard for the present study. Results: Treatment of SFTZ (75,150 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.,) showed a significant dose-dependent effect in lowering ulcer index with significantly increased in percentage protection against ethanol, restrained stress and PL induced ulcer model in rats. Biochemical parameter like gastric volume, pH, free acidity, total acidity total proteins, total hexoses, hexosamine, fucose, sialic acid, and pepsin were determined in PL induce ulcer models. The result showed significantly increased in level of defensive mucin secretion in terms of total carbohydrates: Protein ratio after SFTZ treated rats in PL induce ulcer models. Conclusion: The action potential of SFTZ is positively found to be more active in alleviating the ulcer by chemical and physical induced models.